A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF MEDICATION-RELATED OSTEONECROSIS OF THE JAW IN MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Multiple myeloma is a malignant hematological neoplasm, whose treatment involves the use of bisphosphonates and monoclonal antibodies, which may be related to medication-related osteonecrosis.

Objective: The present study aims to verify the presence of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws in patients undergoing treatment for multiple myeloma who used chemotherapy associated or not with bisphosphonates and/or monoclonal antibodies. Beyond this, to trace the epidemiological profile of patients who developed medication-related osteonecrosis.

Methods: This 15-year retrospective observational study consisted of evaluating 461 medical records of patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma from the oncology referral hospital in Brazil, Erasto Gaertner Hospital.

Results: It was observed that both the group that developed osteonecrosis and the group that did not develop, no statistically significant difference when evaluated separately regarding sex, bone marrow transplant and ethnicity. However, the group with osteonecrosis showed a higher frequency in the use of bisphosphonates, did not progress to death, were non-smokers, the mandible was the most affected anatomical site, and the type of bone exposure spontaneously was the most observed.

Conclusions: The combined use of pentoxifylline and tocopherol was responsible for the successful resolution of cases of medication-related osteonecrosis. Isolating the underlying disease allowed for greater control and knowledge regarding the medications used for the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis.